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1
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- Sharon Shafer & Anita Colby
- UCLA Science & Engineering Library
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2
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- Engineering Math Sciences Collection
- Chemistry Collection +
- Geology/Geophysics Collection
- + includes the bulk of the
materials from the dismantled
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3
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- Developing an efficient search strategy
- The UCLA Library Catalog & MELVYL®
- Searchlight & Bibliographic Databases
- Using the Internet for research
- How to cite your sources
- Plagiarism & how to avoid it
- Using print indexes
- Information skills needed in industry
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4
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- Define the subject and the scope of your search.
- What do you mean by digital data longevity?
- What more specific topics does your subject encompass?
- Which aspects of the topic are you going to cover?
- Who chooses which electronic materials to archive, transfer to new
media? Which technologies have
already become obsolete? What
kinds of information can we identify that has already become
lost? How does copyright
legislation that prohibits archiving and copying affect libraries’
ability to archive electronic material? Whose job is it to ensure that data
persists?
- What subtopics might be considered by the Highway Infrastructure group?
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5
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- What approach to the topic are you going to use?
- E.g., technology and entertainment
- Review of the technologies used to entertain? Case studies of
positive and negative effects on users of entertainment
technologies? Chronology of
the development and increasing sophistication of computer games or digitized
motion picture special effects?
- How are you going to distribute the work within your group?
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6
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- Brainstorm with the members of your group to identify all aspects of the
topic.
- Do some broad & dirty searches of a range of databases or the
Internet to see what aspects of the topic people are writing about
(i.e., you’ll be able to find information about.)
- Make a list of possible keywords, synonyms, standard terminology, jargon
for the discipline, and subject headings.
- Library of Congress Subject Headings list & database thesauri may be
useful in developing lists of search terms.
- Use a dictionary or encyclopedia to get started -- an overview article
will identify key writers and events.
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7
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- What is the most likely source of the information you need?
- Books?
- It may take years for an idea or event to appear in a book.
- Journal articles?
- More current, still reliable
- Conference papers?
- Even more current, but may be less stable
- Newspaper articles?
- Even more current, but far less in depth
- The Internet?
- The most current, but may be the least reliable
- In what kinds of materials will you find information about the space
shuttle program, its development and problems?
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8
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- What subject disciplines does this topic belong to?
- E.g., natural disasters
- Atmospheric science
- Public safety
- Business and insurance
- Computer modelling
- What disciplines study urban terrorism?
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9
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- Try a simple keyword search in a bibliographic database kw ((petroleum or oil) and (politic?
Or international relations))
- Note the subject headings under which the broad and specific topics are
indexed.
- Note the names of authors that keep reappearing.
- Revise your search strategy to address the more specific topic as
precisely as possible.
- Repeat the same steps in other databases that seem relevant.
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10
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- Look carefully at the bibliographies of the articles & books you
have found -- Are there any items in the bibliography that look
particularly relevant to your topic?
Is an author or title repeated frequently in various
sources? Have you read the most
important works of the key figures in the field?
- Use all relevant databases.
- Use all relevant types of materials -- books, journal articles,
technical reports, internet.
- Keep a record of the sources used, as well as detailed information for
your bibliography, footnotes, quotes, etc.
- Be certain to cite every source you use whether you quote from it or
not.
- The completeness of your bibliography makes up part of your grade!!
Papers that used only internet sources lose points!
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11
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- Regan, Tom, and Van de Veer, Donald, eds. And Justice for All: New
Introductory Essays in Ethics and Public Policy. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Allanheld, 1982.
- Book
- author, title, place of publication, publisher, date.
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12
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- Summer, M. R. “Ethics
Online.” EDUCOM Review 31
(July-August 1996): 32-35.
- Journal Article
- author, title of article, title of journal, volume, issue, date of
journal, pages.
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13
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- Bishop, M. “Theft of Information
in the Take- Grant Protection Model” in the 8th IEEE Computer
Security Foundations Workshop in Kenmare, County Kerry, Ireland, June
13-15, 1995, sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee
Security and Privacy. Los
Alamitos, Calif.: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1995.
- Conference Paper
- author of paper, title of paper, name of conference, place, date,
sponsor of conference, place of publication, publisher, date.
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14
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- You can print, download or email your search results, citations, etc.,
from many of the electronic resources you will be using.
- Some systems enable you to download to a program like EndNote which
automatically creates your bibliography.
- Because of the ease of cutting & pasting into your paper, you have
to be particularly vigilant about unintentional plagiarism.
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15
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- Come to the reference desk
- E-mail me or Sharon
- Optional group sessions an SEL librarian
- to discuss available resources
- what they are
- where they are
- to determine which of the 400+ databases available are best for your
topic
- for training in using the best databases
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16
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- Elaine Adams
- Physics & Astronomy
- Earth & Space Sciences
- Anita Colby
- Computer Science & Math & Statistics & Atmospheric Sciences
- Audrey Jackson
- Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
- ajackson@library.ucla.edu
- Marion Peters
- Chemistry, Chem Eng & Materials Science
- Sharon Shafer
- Civil, Env., Aerospace & Mech Eng.
- sshafer@library.ucla.edu
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17
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- Lists all books & journals owned, on hold, missing, & whether
they are checked out
- Enables you to page items from storage (SRLF)
- Enables you to renew books you have checked out
- Enables you to recall books other people have checked out
- Most current and up-to-date source of information on UCLA’s holdings
- Gives you links to many (not all) e-journals
- http://catalog.library.ucla.edu
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18
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- Lists all of the books owned by all of the University of California
campuses
- Lists all of the journals subscribed to by the UC campuses
- Provides links to e-journals available through the California Digital
Library
- Has different search functionality than the UCLA Library Catalog
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19
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- UC students & faculty have access to over 50 subject specific
databases particularly useful to the sciences
- Searchlight was developed by the California Digital Library to help
identify databases relevant to a topic
- Runs a search against all CDL-hosted databases (but not databases that
are licensed by UCLA only)
- Provides links to databases
- http://searchlight.cdlib.org/cgi-bin/searchlight
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20
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- very current information
- a growing number of journals and
reports available full-text through WWW
- no quality controls on the
Internet; factual data, personal opinions, misinformation --
- your responsibility to assess the
reliability of the source
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21
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- In the 2 Aug 1999 issue of Search Engine Update, Danny Sullivan
- noted the following re: Composition of the web:
- 83% commercial and
entertainment sites
- 6% scientific and educational
sites
- 3% health sites
- 2% personal web sites
- 1.5% adult sites
- 1% government sites
- More recent updates suggest that
- Porn pages reach 260 million.
Explicit online material accounts for 12 percent of all Web
sites, generating $2.5 billion in revenue. September 25, 2003
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22
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- “The number of scientific publications is about 10-20% of total number
of documents found by search engines.”
- “The number of scientific publications which can be found in the Net is
at best 5-10% of the number found in a database like INSPEC.”
- “In the Net I can find a lot of interesting supplementary information on
authors, their works and research projects, on the foundations
supporting these works and so on. You can't find this information in
professional databases.”
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23
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- Searchable information sources whose contents cannot be indexed by
traditional search engines; e.g., records in databases, certain file
formats (Flash, streaming media, PDF only searchable by Google), most
real-time data (stock reports, weather)
- The invisible web is 1000-2000 times bigger than the visible web,
containing
- ~550 billion individual documents (vs 1 billion on the visible web)
- ~7,500 terabytes of information (vs 19 terabytes)
- information that is largely (95%) accessible to the public
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24
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- ResearchIndex (CiteSeer)
http://www.researchindex.com
- ResearchIndex (formerly called CiteSeer) is a computer science research
search engine with a number of unique capabilities, including citation
indexing, links to related and similar documents, bibliographic coupling
and collaborative filtering.
- Biocrawler
http://www.biologie.de/
- Directory and search engine for biological information.
- Chemie.DE
http://www.chemie.de/
- Directory and search engine for information about chemistry. Click on
the "search engine" link on the home page to search.
- Scirus
http://www.scirus.com/
- Scirus combines a targeted crawler from FAST that focuses only on web
sites with scientific content, with Elsevier's massive scientific
information resources drawn from thousands of journals and books.
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25
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- Search4Science
http://www.search4science.com/
- Search4Science is a search engine put together by scientists for
scientists. It shows -- if you enter simple keyword searches you're
- often presented with related scientific terms to expand or limit your
query. The service is powered by Northern Light, so results are also
clustered in Northern Light's Custom Search Folders.
- Biolinks
http://www.biolinks.com/
- A search engine for scientists, with links to journals, organizations,
companies and more. It spiders the web and has human-categorized
results.
- SciSeek
http://www.sciseek.com/
- SciSeek is a focused web directory created by human editors. It's a
useful tool for browsing for information in a specific scientific area.
- iCivil Engineer
http://www.icivilengineer.com/
- catalogs Internet resources of civil engineering technology; covering
all disciplines: architectural, construction, environmental,
geotechnical hydraulic, structural, surveying and transportation
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26
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- MathRix
http://mathrix.virtualave.net/
- MathRix is a directory of web sites in French and about mathematics.
- PSI - Polymer Search on the Internet
http://www.polymer-search.com/home/default.asp
- Search engine for the global polymer, plastic and rubber industries.
Includes daily industry news.
- On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/
- Wondering if a sequence of numbers you have matches any particular
formula or pattern? This is one of those great little sites you'll want
on your bookmark list, for seeking such answers. (Jan. 2003)
- O'Reilly Network Safari Bookshelf
http://safari.oreilly.com
- Search across content from hundred of technical books from O'Reilly and
other publishers. To view content from a particular book, you need to
pay a monthly or yearly subscription. Pricing begins at US $10 per
month, for access to up to five books. (Jan. 2003)
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- When doing research, keep in mind that your cited WWW source may not
exist in a year or two.
- Use the same criteria for judging Web resources as you’d use in judging
any other resource -- credibility/authority/objectivity of the author,
timeliness, relationship of web material to non-web material.
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- Intentional plagiarism is deliberate copying or use of another’s work
without credit.
- Unintentional plagiarism can result from not knowing citation standards
(“I thought the Internet was free!”), from sloppy research, poor
note-taking, or careless “cutting and pasting” of electronic sources.
- Using words, ideas, computer code, or any work by someone else without
giving proper credit is plagiarism.
- Companies like turnitin.com make it easy for instructors to detect
plagiarism
- Dean of Students’ web sites on academic conduct:
- http://www.deanofstudents.ucla.edu/
- “Operation Cut & Paste: Academic Plagiarism in a Gen-X World"
- 20th Annual Conference on The First-Year Experience, February 18,
2001, Houston, Texas
- http://www.bgsu.edu/colleges/library/infosrv/fyeconference/
- Bruin Success with Less Stress
- http://www.library.ucla.edu/bruinsuccess/
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- Few electronic databases provide coverage prior to the late 1960’s, and
many start coverage even later.
(JSTOR is an exception for some social sciences/humanities
journals). Some print indexes
started in the 1800’s.
- The nations highway system has been an issue since the 1950’s.
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30
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- NEWS on MELVYL® searches back to 1979, prior to that use
- Los Angeles Times Index
- New York Times Index
- INSPEC on MELVYL® searches back to 1969, but Science
Abstracts started in 1896
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31
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- Books
- The UCLA Library Catalog, MELVYL, Worldcat
- Journal articles
- CDL-hosted, non-CDL, and UCLA only databases, AND print indexes.
- Newspaper articles
- Lexis-Nexis, NEWS (via CDL), print/microform indexes prior to 1979
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32
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- Conference papers
- CDL-hosted, non-CDL, and UCLA only databases, AND print indexes.
- Encyclopedias, yearbooks, dictionaries, statistical sources
- Online, Orion2, Library reference areas
- Government documents
- NTIS, microfiche, online sources
- Legal materials
- Orion2, Lexis-Nexis, Law Library
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33
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- Knowledge of and skill in using primary information resources and tools
- Skill in finding, evaluating and using information to answer critical
questions, make effective decisions, and increase personal productivity
- Skill in finding and using information to eliminate redundant effort and
to build on the work of others
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- Skill in effectively communicating and documenting technical results and
accomplishments
- Skill in finding and using information to maintain professional
expertise and stay abreast of critical developments outside of the
organization
- Knowledge of techniques and tools for managing and sharing information
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Notes
